Fashion is a huge part of us as people and is a reflection of our beliefs and cultural expressions, but it has quickly turned into something that significantly endangers the environment. This year’s Earth Day on the 22nd of focused on the theme, ‘planet vs. plastics.’ The goal was to advocate for widespread awareness on the health risks of plastics, rapidly phase out all single-use plastics, urgently push for a strong UN treaty on plastic pollution, and demand an end to fast fashion.
The fast fashion industry operates on a ‘race to the bottom’ model to produce the greatest number of garments at the lowest price. With cheap production, lowered costs and societal pressure to constantly consume clothing, fashion’s numbers are staggering: 100 billion garments made annually, 87% ending in landfills or incinerators and only 1% recycled.
Toxic textile processing pollutes freshwater systems harming connected ecosystems, and each year 200 million trees are razed for cellulosic fibres imperilling biodiversity. 69% of clothes are made from crude oil, and washing them accounts for 35% of the ocean’s microplastics. Microfibers are in the food chain, air, soil, and appear deep in our organs and our bloodstreams threatening our existence.
The textile and apparel industry plays an important role in the global economy by providing jobs and income. In Kenya, the sector is the third largest exporter after horticulture and tea. It contributes to the nation’s economy, representing 0.6% of GDP and accounting for 6% of the manufacturing sector. It earns 7% of the country’s total export earnings. New clothes are manufactured in the export processing zone (EPZ), exported to the US, UK, and EU, and then re-imported into Kenya as second hand clothes.
The EPZs are managed by the export processing zones authority (EPZA) whose board of directors comprises members appointed from